修改源地址

sed 使用

查看修改后的效果（文件内容实际未修改）

sed s/deb.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g /etc/apt/sources.list

添加 -i 参数，替换写入（文件内容修改）

sed -i s/deb.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g /etc/apt/sources.list

ubuntu

sed -i s/security.ubuntu.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g /etc/apt/sources.list
sed -i s/archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g /etc/apt/sources.list
sed -i s/cn.archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g /etc/apt/sources.list

debian

sed -i s/deb.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g /etc/apt/sources.list
sed -i s/security.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g /etc/apt/sources.list

alpine

sed -i s/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g /etc/apt/sources.list

修改 DNS

添加 DNS 服务器地址

echo 'nameserver 47.107.125.41' >> /etc/resolv.conf

替换原有地址

假设原来 DNS 服务器 127.0.0.11，查看目前 DNS 设置
cat /etc/resolv.conf

sed -i s/127.0.0.11/47.107.125.41/g /etc/resolv.conf

使用该 DNS，会将上述源地址重定向至阿里云镜像，不提供可用性保证

如果运行，出现类似错误？ sed: can't move '/etc/resolv.conf73UqmG' to '/etc/resolv.conf': Device or resource busy

尝试下面命令

echo "$(sed 's/127.0.0.11/47.107.125.41/g' /etc/resolv.conf)" > /etc/resolv.conf

修改 hosts

支持的 HOSTS

# ubuntu
server_name                archive.ubuntu.com;
server_name                security.ubuntu.com;
server_name                cn.archive.ubuntu.com;
# debian
server_name                deb.debian.org;
server_name                security.debian.org;
server_name                prod.debian.map.fastly.net;
server_name                debian.map.fastlydns.net;
# alpine
server_name                dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org;
# mirrors
server_name                mirrors.lidong.me;
server_name                mirrors.oonnnoo.com;
server_name                mirrors.ryanlid.net;
server_name                mirrors.yidiankuaile.net;

更多

# ubuntu
echo '47.240.113.45 security.ubuntu.com' >> /etc/hosts
echo '47.240.113.45 archive.ubuntu.com' >> /etc/hosts
echo '47.240.113.45 cn.archive.ubuntu.com' >> /etc/hosts

# debian
echo '47.240.113.45 deb.debian.org' >> /etc/hosts
echo '47.240.113.45 security.debian.org' >> /etc/hosts
echo '47.240.113.45 prod.debian.map.fastly.net' >> /etc/hosts
echo '47.240.113.45 debian.map.fastlydns.net' >> /etc/hosts

# alpine
echo '47.240.113.45 dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org' >> /etc/hosts

sudo 执行

# ubuntu
sudo  echo '47.240.113.45 security.ubuntu.com' >> /etc/hosts
sudo  echo '47.240.113.45 archive.ubuntu.com' >> /etc/hosts
sudo  echo '47.240.113.45 cn.archive.ubuntu.com' >> /etc/hosts

# debian
sudo  echo '47.240.113.45 deb.debian.org' >> /etc/hosts
sudo  echo '47.240.113.45 security.debian.org' >> /etc/hosts
sudo  echo '47.240.113.45 debian.map.fastlydns.net' >> /etc/hosts
sudo  echo '47.240.113.45 prod.debian.map.fastly.net' >> /etc/hosts

# alpine
sudo  echo '47.240.113.45 dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org' >> /etc/hosts

如果运行 sudo echo x 出现 Permission denied

# hosts
sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 security.ubuntu.com' >> /etc/hosts"
sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 archive.ubuntu.com' >> /etc/hosts"
sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 cn.archive.ubuntu.com' >> /etc/hosts"

sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org' >> /etc/hosts"

sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 deb.debian.org' >> /etc/hosts"
sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 security.debian.org' >> /etc/hosts"
sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 debian.map.fastlydns.net' >> /etc/hosts"
sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 prod.debian.map.fastly.net' >> /etc/hosts"

避免sudo echo x > 时 Permission denied

https://www.cnblogs.com/testlife007/p/6944136.html

sudo 执行

# hosts
sudo sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 security.ubuntu.com' >> /etc/hosts"
sudo sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 archive.ubuntu.com' >> /etc/hosts"
sudo sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 cn.archive.ubuntu.com' >> /etc/hosts"

sudo sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org' >> /etc/hosts"

sudo sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 deb.debian.org' >> /etc/hosts"
sudo sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 security.debian.org' >> /etc/hosts"
sudo sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 debian.map.fastlydns.net' >> /etc/hosts"
sudo sh -c "echo '47.240.113.45 prod.debian.map.fastly.net' >> /etc/hosts"

DNS

Ubuntu 20.04 的修改 DNS 配置

Linux 软件源加速

使用 dnsmasq 搭建 dns 服务